The Guru Granth Sahib was composed predominantly by six Sikh gurus: Guru Nanak, Guru Angad, Guru Amar Das, Guru Ram Das, Guru Arjan and Guru Tegh Bahadur.

Copies in these languages often have the generic title of Sant Bhasha. The Guru Granth Sahib is written in the Gurmukhi script in various languages including Punjabi, Lahnda, regional Prakrits, Apabhramsa, Sanskrit, Hindi languages ( Braj Bhasha, Bangru, Awadhi, Old Hindi), Bhojpuri, Sindhi, Marathi, Marwari, Bengali, Persian and Arabic. The hymns in the scripture are arranged primarily by the rāgas in which they are read. The bulk of the scripture is divided into 31 main rāgas, with each Granth rāga subdivided according to length and author. The text consists of 1,430 angs (pages) and 5,894 shabads (line compositions), which are poetically rendered and set to a rhythmic ancient north Indian classical form of music. This second rendition became known as the Guru Granth Sahib and is also sometimes referred to as the Adi Granth. Later, Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh guru, added hymns of Guru Tegh Bahadur to the Adi Granth and affirmed the text as his successor. Shortly afterwards Guru Hargobind added Ramkali Ki Vaar.

Baba Buddha was appointed the first Granthi of the Golden Temple. Its compilation was completed on 29 August 1604 and first installed inside Golden Temple in Amritsar on 1 September 1604. The Adi Granth ( Punjabi: ਆਦਿ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ), its first rendition, was compiled by the fifth guru, Guru Arjan (1564–1606). The Guru Granth Sahib ( Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ, pronounced ) is the central holy religious scripture of Sikhism, regarded by Sikhs as the final, sovereign and eternal Guru following the lineage of the ten human gurus of the religion.

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